The TURN A drug delivery system enhances the absorption, biodistribution, and bioavailability of aging intervention compounds through advanced technologies like intermolecular encapsulation, complexation/chelation, nanoemulsion dispersion, biomembrane penetration, and nano-drug carriers. These methods protect the compounds from degradation, increase their solubility and stability, and facilitate transport across biological barriers.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a key molecule that regulates various physiological processes in living cells. NMN can be converted to NAD+ by the NMNAT enzyme, which is present in all living cells. NAD+ is involved in chromatin and epigenetics, mitochondrial function and metabolism, redox reactions, circadian rhythm, inflammation, DNA repair, cell division, and signalling. However, NAD+ levels decline with age, as shown in both animal models and human tissues. This decline leads to increased susceptibility to age-related diseases and aging. NMN supplementation can restore NAD+ levels in humans, and thus combat age-related diseases and slow down aging.
CELFULL developed smart, slow-release NMN microspheres using Turn A® technologies, which exhibit high stability and resistance to temperature, humidity, and stomach acid. The NMN microspheres consist of a four-layer structure: the isolation layer, acid-proof layer, enteric targeting layer, and enteric releasing layer. These layers enable the NMN microspheres to elevate NAD+ levels within 2 minutes and maintain absorption for 24 hours. With superior stability and absorption rates, these NMN microspheres surpass ordinary NMN preparations. The smart, slow-release NMN microspheres are incorporated into CELFULL NAD+ Up 12000 and CELFULL Pro NAD+ 20000.
| CELFULL NMN microspheres | Other NMN | |
|---|---|---|
| Apperance | Uniform microspheres in capsules | Powder in capsules or pressed in tablets |
| Stability | Resistance to temperature, humidity and stomach acid | Easy to degrade under high temperature, humidity and stomach acid |
| Release Kinetics | Sustained release for 12 hours | Instant release at a moment |
| Abosrption site | Only in intestine, mild and non-irritating | In stomach and intestine, may cause irritation |
| Abosrption rate | Up to 98% | Less than 50% |
NADH, or “nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen,” is the reduced form of NAD, naturally produced by the body and essential in generating energy. Involved in ATP creation, the main energy currency of cells, NADH boosts NAD+ levels through redox reactions and protects cells from various stresses, thereby improving energy state, enhancing immunity, lowering blood pressure, protecting the neural system, and delaying aging.
NADH, the reduced form of NAD+, has been clinically utilized since the 1980s for treating conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, and depression, offering relief and improving patients' quality of life. Recent research indicates that NADH is an effective alternative for boosting NAD+ levels, alongside well-known precursors like NMN and NR. Unique among NAD+ enhancers, NADH directly contributes to ATP production by participating in the electron transport chain, making it highly effective in improving cellular energy. Additionally, NADH exhibits a superior ability to cross cell membranes compared to other NAD+ boosters, which are in an oxidized form and more susceptible to degradation by CD38, an enzyme that targets oxidized NAD+ precursors.
However, NADH-based products are less common in the market due to the challenge of stabilizing the active NADH compound, which is sensitive to light, moisture, oxygen, and high temperatures. Addressing this issue, CELFULL has developed the Turn A® NADH microspheres, enhancing both the stability and bioavailability of NADH significantly.
The Turn A® NADH microspheres have been incorporated into CELFULL's Frozen Youth product. For more information about this product, please refer to [product link]
| CELFULL Turn A@ NADH microspheres | Other NADH | |
|---|---|---|
| Apperance |
Uniform microspheres with diameter around 300 μm |
Powder in capsules or pressed in tablets |
| Stability | Resistance to temperature, humidity, oxygen and stomach acid | Easy to degrade under high temperature, humidity, oxygen and stomach acid |
| Activity | High activity until entering cells | Easy to lose activity during storage, transportation and digestion |
| Abosrption site | Only in intestine, mild and non-irritating | In stomach and intestine, may cause irritation |
| Abosrption rate | Up to 80% | Negligible |
novel transdermal form of NADH with proprietary technologies
novel transdermal form of NMN with proprietary technologies
The Turn A® ethosomes are unique vesicles composed of konjac glucomannan-modified lecithin, designed to transport active ingredients like NADH or NMN effectively. These ethosomes are characterized by their spherical or near-spherical shape and a porous structure. This design endows them with several advantages: more stable thermodynamic properties, a smaller diameter, higher encapsulation efficiency, and enhanced transdermal absorption speed and rate. Additionally, they offer improved tolerance compared to other delivery forms. A key benefit of the ethosomes is their ability to deliver active molecules directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the liver's first-pass metabolism typically associated with oral intake. This feature ensures a more efficient and direct delivery of the active ingredients to the body's systems.
